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Meds That Treat Anxiety

Anxiety is one of the most frequent mental health issues, affecting 40 million adults in the United States. A variety of medications are available to treat it.

generalized anxiety treatment (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. Unlike benzodiazepines, they're not addictive.

SSRIs

The most commonly used anxiety medication is selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) which include citalopram (Celexa), escitalopram (Lexapro) and fluoxetine (Prozac). These medications also help with depression, and can alleviate the symptoms of anxiety disorders, including obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). It can take up to one month for them to start working.

These drugs work by boosting the levels of certain chemical messengers in the brain, such as serotonin and norepinephrine. These are typically the first option to treat anxiety, although doctors may also prescribe other kinds of antidepressants, also known as benzodiazepines.

Another class of antidepressants called serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) like duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor) are used to treat anxiety. They function a bit differently than SSRIs, as they also reduce the reabsorption rate of norepinephrine and serotonin, although at lower levels than SSRIs. These medicines take a long time to work and are more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) such as imipramine (Tofranil) can be effective in treating certain anxiety disorders, including GAD. Their drowsiness, as well as other adverse effects are what make them less well-liked. Another kind of antidepressant, monoamine oxide inhibitors (MAOIs), can also be used to treat anxiety. However, their restrictions on diet and high risk of toxicity restrict their use.

Benzodiazepines can be used combat panic attacks and anxiety in the short-term while waiting for SSRIs and SNRIs. These drugs can trigger tolerance addiction, sedation, and withdrawal reactions that include rebound anxiety, depression and even delirium. Benzodiazepines are commonly found in alprazolam as well as clonazepam and lorazepam.

Therapy is an essential part of any treatment for anxiety. It assists you to better be aware of your symptoms and causes. Many people discover that medication and therapy both aid in coping. In fact, some studies suggest that cognitive behavioral therapy works just as well as medications for anxiety. Talk to your doctor about your options and determine what might be best for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines produce an calming effect, reduce anxiety and relax muscles. They also ease symptoms of bodily stimulation related to fear (like heart rate, trembling or trembling) and encourage sleep.

They work by binding inhibitory neurons, like GABA or gamma aminobutryic acid, at receptors within the central nervous system. They increase the effects of GABA by increasing its inhibitory effects on other neurotransmitters, and reducing the amount of messages that are that are sent to the amygdala. an area of the brain that detects threats and creates the feeling of fear.

These drugs can be used for short durations of time like when a panic attack occurs or if you are experiencing extreme anxiety. They may relieve symptoms within 30 to 60 minutes. Benzodiazepines, unlike SSRIs aren't able to remain in the body long. They're quick-acting and can be effective within a couple of hours. This makes them perfect for situations where rapid relief is required (such as during a flight or prior to presenting in public).

They can be addictive, so people are generally only prescribed them for up to 4 weeks at each time. They also lose effectiveness after a period of time.

One of the reasons why benzodiazepines are so well-known is that they are efficient and have fewer adverse effects when compared to their predecessors like barbiturates and meprobamate. They are effective and have a rapid onset, and can be used as anxiolytics to reduce anxiety. They can also be used as sedatives, anticonvulsants, and muscle relaxants.

Benzos have been blamed for the negative attitudes toward anxiety that emerged in the 1970s and 1980s, including the stigmatization of anxiety and the perception that benzodiazepine treatment causes physical dependence. However however, benzodiazepines still play a significant role in the treatment for anxiety disorders, particularly when combined with psychosocial interventions such as cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapies.

Benzos can interact with other drugs and trigger unwanted side effects, such as drowsiness or confusion. It is essential to inform your doctor be aware of any other prescription, non-prescription or herbal medications you're currently taking or thinking about taking. You can determine which medications are safe to take along with benzodiazepines by looking up the British National Formulary A-Z list of medication interactions.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants can be effective in treating anxiety and mental illnesses. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved a variety of antidepressants for other health conditions as well, including eating disorders, some types of pain and bipolar disorder.

Most doctors recommend SSRIs as the first line treatment for anxiety, however these drugs may not be effective for all people. If these antidepressants aren't working doctors may suggest an older type called a tetracyclic or tricyclic antidepressant. They include amitriptyline, nortriptyline and Clomipramine. They're not as popular as the latest antidepressants, but still readily available. Your doctor can prescribe the antidepressant that sedates, Trazodone (Desyrel) in lower doses to treat anxiety or insomnia.

Nefazodone, also referred to as Ferdinand (Cymbalta), and duloxetine are also useful. They are also available in generic form. If they aren't helping your doctor, he may suggest the antipsychotics quetiapine and Olanzapine or the tranquilizing antidepressant Mirtazapine.

Beta blockers are used to treat anxiety disorders. They lower blood pressure and heart rate by blocking adrenaline. These medications aren't typically used to treat anxiety on their own however they can be helpful when used in conjunction with psychological therapy.

Psychological therapy can help you overcome negative thoughts and behaviors that can cause anxiety. It can help you manage your anxiety and teach you how to cope. Depending on the severity of your problem exposure therapy or cognitive behavior therapy may be recommended. Cognitive behavioural therapy helps you learn to challenge unhelpful thoughts, fears and the fear of situations that cause anxiety. Exposure therapy involves gradually increasing the intensity of anxiety-inducing situations until can cope with them. It can be performed in a group or on your own. In both instances it takes time to achieve results. A combination of medication and psychological therapy is the best option for some people. Some people find that taking medication alone is sufficient to treat symptoms. Tell your doctor how you manage your symptoms.

Other Medicines

Other medications can help alleviate your symptoms. Beta blockers and antihistamines are sometimes prescribed to relieve anxiety.


These medications correct an imbalance in your brain's chemical balance and can ease your symptoms by lowering or blocking the signals that trigger anxiety and stress. They're not a panacea. You'll still have to do other things to control your anxiety, like physical exercise as well as relaxation techniques and psychotherapy.

SSRIs or SNRIs are your first choice of anxiety medications that your doctor can prescribe. They are the most effective medications for treating anxiety disorders, according to research studies. SSRIs are commonly found in sertraline (Zoloft) and the fluoxetine, citalopram and escitalopram. These medications might have minor side effects, like insomnia or nausea, however they typically subside within 4-8 weeks. They are not addictive, and they do not increase the risk of suicidal thoughts.

The benzodiazepines, alprazolam, diazepoxide, and clonazepam (Valium) are a quick relief from anxiety and panic attacks. However, they could cause adverse effects, including dizziness and drowsiness. They can also cause problems with coordination and memory, and even dependence. These are less popular than older barbiturates but are equally effective.

Antihistamines like Vistaril (hydroxyzine) were developed to relieve allergies, but they're also sometimes used to reduce anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine blocks the histamine receptors in the brain and can cause the body to relax. It's not a controlled drug and therefore doesn't carry the same dangers of addiction as benzodiazepines.

Anticonvulsants are an additional kind of medication that can be used to treat anxiety. They have been found to decrease anxiety by interfering in the production and release dopamine and sérotonin. These medications are often prescribed as part of a combination therapy or used to treat anxiety in the short term. Your doctor will assess your health history and symptoms to determine if these medicines are appropriate for you. They'll also talk about how long you should take them and any possible negative side effects. Anxiety medications are only available on prescription, so it is necessary to see a psychiatrist to prescribe it.